Cisgender males also tend to have indented temples and a flatter forehead than females.
Forehead recontouringĬisgender males tend to have a horizontal ridge of bone running across the forehead just above eyebrow level called the brow ridge (or "brow bossing"), which includes the "supraorbital rims" (the lower edge, on which the eyebrows sit).
The hairline can be moved forward and given a more rounded shape, either with a procedure called a " scalp advance" wherein the scalp is lifted and repositioned, or with hair transplantation. In males, the hairline is often higher than in females and usually has receded corners above the temples that give it an "M" shape. Hairline correction, forehead recontouring, eye socket recontouring, and brow lift are procedures often performed at the same time, with rhinoplasty in mind. Some studies have shown that the shape of the forehead is one of the key differences between cisgender males and cisgender females. The surgical procedures most frequently performed during FFS include the following. The way to determine if the bones of the skull have stopped growing is to take successive radiographs of the mandible and wrist bones to make sure that bone growth has stopped. įFS candidates should wait until the bones of their skull have stopped growing before undergoing FFS. While most FFS patients are transgender women, some cisgender women who feel that their faces are too masculine will also undergo FFS. It can be just as important or even more important than genital forms of sex reassignment surgery (SRS) in reducing gender dysphoria and helping trans women integrate socially as women data on these sorts of outcomes are limited by small study size and confounding variables like other feminization procedures. For some transgender women, FFS is medically necessary to treat gender dysphoria.